Friday, August 31, 2012

     B. Other Important Elements
          1. Hydrogen (H) - 1 proton, 1 amu, 1 electron in valence shell, needs 1 more electron to
          fill its valence shell
          2. Oxygen (O) - 8 protons, 16 amu, 6 electrons in valence shell, needs 2 more
          electrons to fill its valence shell.
          3. Nitrogen (N) - 7 protons, 14 amu, 5 electrons in valence shell, needs 3 more
          electrons to fill its valence shell. Can form triple bonds to other atoms.
     C. 4 Macromolecules make up all Organisms:
          1. Carbohydrates: "CH2O" - have Carbon : Hydrogen : Oxygen in a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio.
          These are "Energy" Compounds - Sugars e.g. C6H12O6 (Glucose). Some are also
          structural.
          3 Catogories:
               a. Monosacharides - "Single Sugars" Glucose, Frutrose, Galactose, Maltose, ... etc.
               "Quick" energy.

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